Fungal nail infection
What is it ?
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail plate, nail bed, or both.
Causes
Most cases of onychomycosis are caused by dermatophytes (a type of fungus). The fungus can be acquired through contact with an infected person or through contact with a surface where the fungus is present, such as a bathroom floor.
Risk factors:
Older age
Wearing shoes that make your feet sweat heavily
Having had athlete's foot in the past
Walking barefoot in damp public areas, such as swimming pools, gyms and shower rooms
Having a minor skin or nail injury
Having a skin condition that affects the nails, such as psoriasis
Having diabetes, blood flow problems or a weakened immune system
Signs and Symptoms
Thickened nails
Discolored nail plate
Crumbly debris under the nail plate
Separation of the nail from the nail bed
Misshapen nail
Malodorous
Treatment
Mechanical debridement of the affected nails to reduce its thickness, to allow penetration of topical agents
Use topical antifungal treatment as directed for a minimum of 6 months
Maintain personal hygiene
Laser treatment
Oral antifungals may be required if the diagnosis of fungal infection is confirmed with fungal pathology testing